Lime, inoculum, and phosphorous input supplementation under rain-fed soybean in Ghana's northern savannas

Introduction Recent prices in soybean have spurred interest motivating growers into input integration to improve yields across the northern savannas of Ghana. This requires more knowledge increase yield and profitability production areas. Materials method A 3-yr study was conducted three locations at Manga, Nyankpala, Wa Ghana's savanna identify best-yielding combination under a rain-fed environment. The experiment used “Jenguma” cultivar with lime, inoculum, phosphorus 2 × factorial arrangement four replications. Eight treatment combinations (control included) were assess yield, components, rain use efficiency, economic profitability. single-input application lime (T1), inoculum (T2), (T4) low-input, (T3), (T5), (inoculum phosphorus) (T6) as medium input, T7 (lime high no-input (control). Results soils inherently low fertility, weather variability during reproductive stages significant limiting factor improving grain locations. Grain highest 2017 Manga but 2019 Wa. Except efficiency (RUE) system (T7). However, marginal net benefits (MNB) rate returns (MRR) (T2) (T1) (T3) systems (except Nyankpala) dominant for MNB MRR due cost product. Discussion These results suggest that smallholder farmers prefer least benefit returns. Nevertheless, producers would evaluate their resource base nutrient sustainability. Conclusion paper recommends further studies on rates determine profitability, lime's long-term (residual) effect, synergic impact phosphorus.